1.7 Gingivitis

• description: inflammation and swelling of the gums
• signs & symptoms:
  • gums become red, soft, and shiny, bleed easily
  • disease can be painless & be discovered after it has progressed
  • if not treated, destruction of the gums and periodontitis develop
• etiology:
  • most common cause is plaque
  • vitamin deficiencies, glandular disorders, blood diseases, viral infections, certain medications
  • pregnant women & diabetics are susceptible due to hormonal & vascular changes
• treatment:
  • remove plaque & calculus
  • antibacterial mouthwash (chlorhexidine)
  • local anesthesia may be used for root planing 根面平整 & subgingival curettage 牙龈下刮治
  • oral antibiotics for gum infection/abscess